PowerPoint Presentation

MTIS

Possibilities in Biotechnology

Dr. Arthur W. Martin

Bioinformatics Bioinformatics

Bio-Agriculture

Biosensors

Players or bystanders How the Region can Embrace Biotechnology for GDP Growth and better Quality of Life

Therapeutic Medicine

Nanomedicine Nanobiotechnology

Tissue Engineering

Bio-sustainability

Gene Modification

3D Bioprinting

Environmental Technology

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Market Analysis for Biotechnology

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology is transformational …. possibilities beyond new opportunities

Medical Biotechnology o Diagnostics o Therapeutics o Vaccines

Application of Biotechnology in Food, Therapeutics and Agriculture Industries

Industrial Biotechnology o Plant Agriculture o Animal Agriculture o Food processing

Agricultural Biotechnology o Plant Agriculture o Animal Agriculture o Food processing

Environmental Biotechnology o Cleaning through bioremediation o Preventing environmental problems o Monitoring the environment

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology using Recombinant DNA Technology for Drug Therapeutics

Recombinant Bacteria

Fermentation Tank

Recombinant Bacterium Produce Insulin

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology using mRNA for COVID-19 Vaccine Development

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology and My Experience….How Can we Expand this Technology to the Region

Stem Cells for regenerative Medicine using animal stem cells can be used to maintain livestock, relief injury and cure chronic diseases

Synthesis of a biomaterial surface for animal free cell culture in stem cell therapeutics

Feasibility

Maintenance

Pilot

hESC

Creating a total animal free chemically derived environment for growing therapeutic stem cells

Scale-up

Scale-up

Differentiation

Adipogenic Cells (Nerve cells)

Osteogenic Cells (Nerve cells)

Neural Progenitor Cells (fat cells)

Cardiomyocytes (Heart cells)

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology and My Experience….Is the Region Ready to do it!!

Application (animal free coated surface for Stem cell Therapeutics Creating a Recombinant Protein (DNA Manipulated) for Cell Culture vessels by Genetic Engineering.

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology and My Experience….Is the Region Ready to do it!!

Applications: 1. Green Chemistry (catalysis of chemical reactions) 2. Detergent and cleaning agents to dissolve fats and oils 3. Used in detergents 4. Used in Food Chemistry

Creating a Recombinant Protein for Cell Culture vessels by Genetic Engineering

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology is transformational …. possibilities beyond

 Regional Governments must enact biosafety measures through Government

Agricultural Biotechnology

• Raise and stabilize yields • Improve resistance to pest • Improve resistant to drought, severe temp. etc. • To enhance nutritional content of foods

Benefits

 Agree and enact unified codes of bio-safety

• Better Flavor

Risks

 The activity of plant enzymes can transform I. Flavor II. Aroma III. Aesthetics

Potential long-term impact exist. Some consumer advocate and environmental groups have demanded the abandonment of genetic engineering R&D. Which include some issues and fears Issues

Applications

• Genetic Engineering: DNA transfer to aid farmer to increase productivity

• Fresher Produce

 Genetic engineering can result in improved properties I. Nutritional value II. Less decay III. Less damage

 Weeds,  diseases  or insects • Molecular Markers:

Health-related issues

Social Issues

 Select plants or animals that have a desirable gene

 Breeding more precise  Breeding more efficient

Environmental and ecological issues

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology and Biosafety Regulations….We should not let it be a deterrence

Country

Summary of Progress in GMO Regulations

• A policy that embraces Biotechnology & Biosafety • Production of a 3 rd Draft of the Biosafety and Biotechnology Management Bill

Antigua & Barbuda

BIOSAFETY REGULATIONS (2 nd draft) • The Biosafety (Environmental Release) regulations • The Biosafety (Labeling) Regulations • The Biosafety (Import, Export and Transit) Regulations • The Biosafety (contained use) Regulations • Manual “Guidance for the Detection and Identification of Genetically Modified Organisms”

• Draft Biosecurity Act and Biosafety Framework

The Bahamas

Draft of Biosafety Policy

•

Barbados

• Biosafety Cleaning House Mechanism

Biosafety Policy

• • • • • • •

Grenada

Biosafety Bill

Biosafety Regulations

Biosafety Act 2012

St. Kitts & Nevis

Biosafety Amendment Bill 2016 Draft Biosafety Regulations 2016 Biosafety Policy Under Review

• Draft Biosafety Administrative System

Draft Biosafety Policy Draft Biosafety Bill

• •

St. Vincent & The Grenadines

• Draft Administrative Structure System

Natural Biosafety Policy

•

St. Lucia

• Enactment of biosafety biotechnologymanagement legislation

Revised Biosafety Policy Draft Biosafety Legislation Draft Administrative System Biosafety Cleaning House

• • • •

Trinidad & Tobago

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Liberation from food importation; A worthy and achievable goal

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology for Crop protection and Animal Value Breeding

Reduce Costs Increase Yield and quality

GMO Testing And Detection

Plant and Animal Genome Testing

Plant and animal Gene Expression Analysis

Objectives Reduce costs increase yields and quality Strengthen tolerance of pest and environmental stress

Improve value breeding value accuracy

Improve Value Breeding for Animals

Synthetic Biology and Genetic Engineering

Plant and animal genotyping

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

A New Source of Food Using Biotechnology

Cellular and acellular agriculture can answer some of the sustainability and health challenges faced by the food industry. Fi Global insights | Nov 29, 2019

What is cellular and acellular agriculture? Are these new production methods or have they been used in the past to some extent?

When the cells are used for food like single cell proteins and plant cells

•

Microbes produce certain protein or component purified from the cell mass and culture media, we talk about acellular food ingredients.

•

Plants

Microbes

Animals

• Quorn and spirulina are existing examples of cellular food products on the market. • Enzymes used in food manufacturing as processing aides are typical acellular products that have long been used by the food industry.”

Food (Ovalbumin)

Food (in vitro meat)

Cellular agriculture

Acellular products

Cellular products

Chemicals (Vanillin

Cosmetics (plant stem cells)

Materials (silk)

Materials (leather-like)

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Applications of Microbial Biotechnology

Textile, leather, paper and pulp, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, immobilized biocatalysts, detergents, waste treatment, organic synthesis

Focus Applications for the Region

Biofertilizers/biopesticides/ bioherbicides

• Agriculture – Biofertilizers, biopesticides, Bioherbicides

• Industrial – Detergents, cosmetics

Industrial Enzymes

Agriculture

• Environment – Bioremediation, fermentation for biogas

Microbial Biotechnology

• Food Technology – Food, beverages, baking and dairy

Food Technology

Environment

Food, beverages, baking and dairy Amino acids, vitamins, hormones fermentedproducts

Bioremediation Waste/toxic chemical treatment/anaerobic fermentation for biogas

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

A new Source of Food Using Biotechnology

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Agricultural Biotechnology and Its Applications

GENETICALLY MODIFIED ANIMALS

Genetically Engineered Fruits Papaya

GENETICALLY MODIFIED PLANTS AND FOOD

Resist papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) by over

expression of the viral coat protein Squash Resist watermelon mosaic 2, zucchini yellow mosaic, cucumber mosaic Tomato - Altered ripening to enhance fresh market value - Thicker skin & altered pectin to enhance processing value Sugar beet Resist glyphosphate (herbicide)

crops to increase yields create disease resistance

Non-browning Apple - Does not go brown after fresh cut; retains all its natural flavor & taste

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

A New Source of Food Using Biotechnology

Cultured meat use less energy and land

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

A new Source of Food Using Biotechnology

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology the new frontier in providing new possibilities in Agriculture

Why many countries are beginning to embrace Biotechnology in Agriculture

Manage the abiotic stress

Enhanced N2- fixation and increased Nutrient uptake

 Traditional agriculture farming reaching the limits of effectiveness in increasing agricultural productivity.

Manage the abiotic stress

 Chemical have increased agricultural production, but simultaneously, cause adverse effects on soil productivity and environmental quality.

Microbial Biotechnology

Increased productivity and quality of crops

Promote bioremediatio n

 significant development of sustainable agriculture and environmental health

Improved the biomass derived energy Techniques

Value Addition in crops

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

A new Source of Food Using Biotechnology

What are the advantages of these methods of food production ?

Value • Eliminate allergenic responses

Environment - Decrease the carbon footprint and land use of the food production.

• Improve nutritional value

• Improve taste

Alternatives - if we can provide alternatives for meat and animal-based products, the environmental benefits can be significant.

• Improve shelf life

• Improve safety

Ethical reasons - giving up animal farming should be our final target.

Safety - Cellular agriculture can also provide safer and more controllable production of food – no need for antibiotics

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

A new Source of Food Using Biotechnology

Image Skincare have a series of products such as antiaging serum, lightening cream, lightening cleanser and lotion

Stem cell products such as Dermaquest Stem cell 3D HydraFirm serum, Peptide eye firming serum are advertised to contain gardenia, echinacea, lilac and orange stem cells.

Cosmetic companies advertising to contain stem cells in their products actually contain stem cell extracts and not the live stem cells.

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Biotechnology and Bio- sustainable plastics for industrial applications The Need for a Circular Economy

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

The Applications of Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology

Products made Hemp Plant

Hemp and castor oil are two crops the Caribbean can adopt for For a myriad of products (for e.g., packaging, coatings, structural parts)

Products made From Castor Oil

Goodyear tires using soybean oil-based rubber

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

The Applications of Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

The Applications of Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology

Natures Glue – Envelopes, sticky notes etc.

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

The Applications of Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology

Corn

Bioplastic - closing the loop

BIOPLASTICS Bio-based, compostable or both

Sugar Cane

MECHANIC RECYCLING End-of-life option for the overwhelming part of bioplastics

RENEWABLE RESOURCES Increase resource Efficiency, and reduce CO 2 emissions

Soybean Oil

Castor Oil

ENERGY RECOVERY Is an additional option for bioplastic materialswaste management

Organic Recycling

PRODUCTS Can replace fossil- based plastics

Energy Recovery

ORGANIC RECYCLING Makes use of untapped biowaste potential and strengthens the secondary rawmaterial

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

The Vision – Now is the time. Let’s make this happen! • The future is bright within the region if technology and biology can be harnessed for a greater good.

• Further collaboration between the private sector and regional governments is necessary for greater success

• Foreign aid and collaboration may be key for building out necessary infrastructure for biotechnology economy

• Streamlined regulations and unified codes within the region will maximize the effectiveness of bioscience

• Government should implement education policy with focus on STEM disciplines …..a rigorous training and development program

• Tax incentives to encourage investment in Biotechnology

 Short-sighted visions and political expediency, elected officials must discipline themselves to work toward longer term and more sustainable approaches to economic diversification

 Strategic investments, private/public partnerships, STEM educational efforts and a cooperative unified code of regulations across the region will maximize the effectiveness of all that is possible through this new and empowering science .

M&T INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS